The term 'ultra-processed' encompasses a wide variety of foods. Research highlights concerning associations with numerous health issues, but it’s easy to overreact.
The term 'ultra-processed' encompasses a wide variety of foods. Research highlights concerning associations with numerous health issues, but it’s easy to overreact.
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Understanding ultra-processing
The NOVA classification is the most commonly used. The ultra-processed category includes industrial products made from multiple ingredients and additives.
Insights from the BMJ umbrella review
In 2024, a comprehensive review of 45 meta-analyses involving nearly 10 million participants found links between higher consumption of ultra-processed foods and various adverse health outcomes. However, most of the data were observational.
It's not just about 'chemicals'
Potential mechanisms include energy density, low fiber content, rapid eating pace, and high levels of salt, sugar, and fats.
A practical guideline
Rather than obsessively tracking the precise percentage of ultra-processed foods down to the gram, focus on incorporating minimally processed foods into your diet and use convenient products judiciously.
Be cautious of moralizing food choices
The language of 'clean/dirty food' can heighten anxiety and promote rigidity.
What science says
The correlation between high ultra-processed food intake and poorer health outcomes is consistently supported by many studies, yet the question of causality remains an ongoing area of investigation.
For deeper exploration: Chris van Tulleken, 'Ultra-Processed People'
Sources
- Lane M.M. et al. Ultra-processed food exposure and adverse health outcomes. BMJ, 2024. DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-077310.
- Dai S. et al. Ultra-processed foods and human health. Clinical Nutrition, 2024. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.016.
This is educational material and does not substitute for individual diagnosis, psychotherapy, or medical advice.